Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) reported new discoveries that can slow the growth and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer in the peer reviewed open access journal Public Library of Science on October 11, 2011.
Triple negative breast cancer is one of the most lethal forms of breast cancer due to a high rate of spread by metastasis.
The researchers reported a slowed rate of growth of triple negative breast cancer both in the breast and in metastasized tissues by using ABT-888 and lapatinib. Both drugs are known as Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and act to repair breaks in DNA and also function in programmed cell death.
The scientists found that the PARP drugs combine with EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) to produce cancer cell death both in the affected breast and metastasized tissues.
Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1) and EGFR were found to exist in the same protein complex for the first time. The researchers conclude that this factor is one of the major contributors to the susceptibility of triple negative breast cancer to PARP type drugs.
The scientists also found that cancer reduction through cancer cell death was not dependent on the concentration of EGFR but did require this factors presence.
The study also suggests that there are six distinct groups of triple negative breast cancers based on gene expression profiles: basal-like 1, basal-like 2, immunomodulatory, mesenchymal, mesenchymal stem-like, and luminal androgen receptor.
All types of triple negative breast cancer are susceptible to the synthetic cancer cell death methodology developed at UAB.
Paper
Synthetic Lethal Interactions between EGFR and PARP Inhibition in Human Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors
Somaira Nowsheen 1, Tiffiny Cooper 1, Jennifer A. Stanley 1, Eddy S. Yang 1,2,3*
1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America, 2 Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America, 3 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
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