Tuesday, October 1, 2013

What Are the Treatments for Early Stage Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer is a cancer that forms in the tissue of the breast. Breast cancer is the most common cancer experienced by women. In recent years, great strides have been made in the detection and treatment of breast cancer. For women who are diagnosed early when their breast cancer is in stage 0 or 1, the five-year survival rate is approximately 100%.

Prognosis

    Nowadays, with routine cancer screenings such as mammograms and breast ultrasounds routinely ordered by primary care physicians, almost all breast cancers are found in the early stages in the United States. A treatment for early-stage breast cancer is usually removal of the tumor and prevention of the return of the cancer.

Lumpectomy

    A lumpectomy is a breast sparing surgery which is done to remove the tumor without removing the entire breast. It can be done for early stage cancer that is encapsulated and has not invaded surrounding tissue. You may notice some change in the shape of your breast, but this should not be too noticeable. You will have pain in the area of the incision, but this should go away in time. Lumpectomies are often followed by a short course of radiation or chemotherapy just to be sure all of the cancer cells have been removed or destroyed.

Partial Mastectomy

    In a partial mastectomy part of the breast tissue and adjacent lymph nodes are removed. This type of surgery will alter the shape of the breast, but this can be fixed with reconstruction surgery that is done after all the cancer treatments are finished. A partial mastectomy is always followed by a course of chemotherapy or radiation; its duration determined by the amount of tissue that was involved.

Radical Mastectomy

    A radical mastectomy is a surgery in which all of the breast tissue and adjacent lymph nodes are removed. The nipple will be removed and you will be left with a flat area where your breast used to be. This type of surgery does not always have to be done with early stage breast cancer, but is recommended in women who have had previous breast tumors removed, or who have a strong family history of the disease. After the surgical area has healed, you can have breast reconstruction surgery. The breast will never feel like it used to, but you will look more normal.

Hormonal and Other Therapy

    Hormonal therapy is sometimes used to shrink a breast tumor before it is removed, and it is also used to help prevent certain types of breast cancer that are hormone-triggered. There are also several drugs aimed at controlling the return of cancer cells. These are specific to the type of cancer you have, and are determined by your oncologist.


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