Diagnosis of Breast Cancer After Pregnancy ~ Breast Cancer

Breast cancer symptoms can range from lumps in the breast to changes in the skin. It can affect any woman at any age, although a woman's chance of being diagnosed with breast cancer increases with age and also increases in the months immediately following childbirth due to the raised hormone levels circulating throughout the body. Once a woman is suspected to have cancer, the actual process of diagnosis can take weeks and involves a multitude of tests and screenings.

Normal cells in the body grow, divide and die regularly. In contrast, cancer cells do not die, but rather outlive normal cells and continue to make abnormal cells. The hormones in a woman's body help breast cells to grow, but can also promote the growth of abnormal cancerous cells. The increased amounts of the hormone progesterone in the body during pregnancy decreases the risk of breast cancer in younger women, but those who wait until age 30 or later to become pregnant have an increased risk of developing breast cancer since cancer risks increase with age.

Breast cancer that develops during pregnancy or within one year following a pregnancy is referred to as pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC). While research has historically associated poorer outcomes with women who develop pregnancy-associated breast cancer than typical breast cancer, there is new evidence to suggest otherwise. According to a study conducted at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, there is no significant difference in the the rates of recurrence, spread, or survival among women with PABC, compared with other women who develop breast cancer.

It can be difficult to detect pregnancy-associated breast cancer due to changes in the breast tissue during pregnancy and after childbirth. Oftentimes, it is diagnosed at a later stage due to the rapidly changing hormones that can make the breasts large, tender and significantly lumpier than usual. In order to detect possible unusual growths, women should conduct breast self exams monthly and should receive their first mammogram at age 40. Those who are at increased risk for breast cancer due to family history may require earlier and more frequent mammogram screenings.

The likelihood of developing breast cancer is dependent upon a number of factors such as heredity and general physical health. Making healthy lifestyle choices by reducing alcohol intake and eliminating cigarettes can lower the chances of developing breast cancer. In addition, maintaining a healthy body weight by eating a diet high in fruits and vegetables and participating in a regular exercise program can further reduce cancer risk. Breastfeeding for a year or longer can also lower the risk of breast cancer by a small amount.

Women who are breastfeeding and are diagnosed with breast cancer should stop breastfeeding completely before chemotherapy or radiation treatment begins. Cancer treatment drugs can pass through breast milk making it unsafe for babies to ingest. In addition, those who become pregnant again after radiation treatment to the affected breast may not be able to produce very much milk, if any, from that breast in the future. The untreated breast will compensate and usually make enough milk for proper growth and development.

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